ex works. From the factory. • This trade term defines the obligations of a buyer and a seller of goods with respect to delivery, payment, and risk of loss. The seller’s delivery is complete (and the risk of loss passes to the buyer) when the goods are made available to the buyer at a location […]
Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act. Copyright. A federal law extending the copyright term by 20 years for all works published in the U.S. after January 1, 1978, and settling the copyright term for works created before 1978 as 95 years from the original copyright date. • Before the extension, the copyright term was the
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Incoterm (in[g]-koh-t[schwa]rm). A standardized shipping term, defined by the International Chamber of Commerce, that apportions the costs and liabilities of international shipping between buyers and sellers. See EX WORKS; COST, INSURANCE, AND FREIGHT ; COST AND FREIGHT; COST, INSURANCE, AND FREIGHT; FREE ALONGSIDE SHIP ; FREE CARRIER; FREE ON BOARD. [Cases: Shipping 104. C.J.S. Shipping
Corpus Juris Civilis (kor-p[schwa]s joor-is s[schwa]-vil-is or s[schwa]-v I-lis). The body of the civil law, compiled and codified under the direction of the Roman emperor Justinian in A.D. 528–556. • The collection includes four works — the Institutes, the Digest (or Pandects), the Code, and the Novels. The title Corpus Juris Civilis was not original,
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combination. 1. An alliance of individuals or corporations working together to accomplish a common (usu. economic) goal. See COMBINATION IN RESTRAINT OF TRADE . 2. CONSPIRACY. 3. STRADDLE. 4. Patents. A union of old and new elements in an invention. • The term encompasses not only a combination of mechanical elements but also a combination
preamble (pree-am-b[schwa]l), n. 1. An introductory statement in a constitution, statute, or other document explaining the document’s basis and objective; esp., a statutory recital of the inconveniences for which the statute is designed to provide a remedy. • A preamble often consists of a series of clauses introduced by the conjunction whereas. Such a preamble
diplomatics. The science of deciphering and authenticating ancient writings. • The principles were largely developed by the Benedictine Dom Mabillon in his 1681 work entitled De re diplomatica. — Also termed diplomatic (n.). “Diplomatics, the science derived from the study of ancient diplomas, so called from being written on two leaves, or on double tablets.
scènes à faire (sen ah fair). [French “scenes for action”] Copyright. Standard or general themes that are common to a wide variety of works and are therefore not copyrightable. • Examples of scènes à faire are obvious plot elements and character types. [Cases: Copyrights and Intellectual Property 12(2).]
Palsgraf rule (pawlz-graf).Torts. The principle that negligent conduct resulting in injury will lead to liability only if the actor could have reasonably foreseen that the conduct would cause the injury. • In Palsgraf v. Long Island R.R., 162 N.E. 99 (N.Y. 1928), two railroad attendants negligently dislodged a package of fireworks from a man they
The act of violating any of a copyright owner’s exclusive rights granted by the federal Copyright Act, 17 USCA §§ 106, 602. • A copyright owner has several exclusive rights in copyrighted works, including the rights (1) to reproduce the work; (2) to prepare derivative works based on the work; (3) to distribute copies of
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